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The aim of the studies was to evaluate the antiproliferative potential against human tumor cell lines of newly synthetized derivatives containing 4-nitrophenyl group, as well as its impact on developmental toxicity in zebrafish model. We selected 1-(4-nitrobenzoyl)-4-ethylsemicarbazide (APS-1) and 1-[(4-nitrophenyl)acetyl]-4-hexyl-thiosemicarbazide...

Objectives: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive cancer which at large is not amenable to curative surgery. Despite the recent approval of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, the response rates and survival following systemic therapy is still limited. Sacituzumab govitecan...

Background: Phytochemicals and their derivatives are good options to improve treatment efficiency in cancer patients. Artemisinin (ART) and metformin (MET) are widely used phytochemicals to treat various types of cancers. However, their application because of their dose-dependent side effects, and...

Flavonoids exert many beneficial properties, such as anticancer activity. They were found to have chemopreventive effects hindering carcinogenesis, and also being able to affect processes important for cancer cell pathophysiology inhibiting its growth or promoting cell death. There are also...

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common long-term neurodegenerative diseases. Current treatments for PD are mostly based on surgery and medication because of the limitation and challenges in selecting proper biomaterials. In this study, an injectable bioactive...

Background: Phthalate exposure during fetal life may disrupt testicular development. Congruent with this, studies have found shorter anogenital distance, reduced penile size and altered hormone levels in infant boys whose mothers were exposed to higher levels of some phthalates during...

Melanoma is still one of the most dangerous cancers. New methods of treatment are sought due to its high aggressiveness and the relatively low effectiveness of therapies. Tetracyclines are drugs exhibiting anticancer activity. Previous studies have also shown their activity...

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in women. Its pathology comprises tumor cells and nearby stromal cells, accompanied by cytokines and stimulated molecules, resulting in a favorable microenvironment for tumor progression. Lunasin is a seed peptide...

The processes of primitive streak formation and fate specification in the mammalian epiblast rely on complex interactions between morphogens and tissue organization. Little is known about how these instructive cues functionally interact to regulate gastrulation. We interrogated the interplay between...

FOXG1 (Forkhead box g1) syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by a defective transcription factor, FOXG1, important for normal brain development and function. As FOXG1 syndrome and mitochondrial disorders have shared symptoms and FOXG1 regulates mitochondrial function, we investigated whether...

Cancer cells need to carefully regulate their metabolism to keep them growing and dividing under the influence of different nutrients and oxygen levels. Muscle isoform 2 of pyruvate kinase (PKM2) is a key glycolytic enzyme involved in the generation of...

Adipocyte function is a major determinant of metabolic disease, warranting investigations of regulating mechanisms. We show at single-cell resolution that progenitor cells from four human brown and white adipose depots separate into two main cell fates, an adipogenic and a...

“Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. Long-term survival is not achieved in metastatic CRC despite the current multidisciplinary therapies. Bromelain, a compound extracted from the pineapple plant, has multiple functions and anticancer properties. Previously,...

Bioactive materials interact with cells and modulate their characteristics which enable the generation of cell-based products with desired specifications. However, their evaluation and impact are often overlooked when establishing a cell therapy manufacturing process. In this study, we investigated the...

Virus-like particles-based vaccines have been gaining interest in recent years. The manufacturing of these particles includes their production by cell culture followed by their purification to meet the requirements of its final use. The presence of host cell extracellular vesicles...

This study examines the properties of novel guanidines, designed and synthesized as histamine H3R antagonists/inverse agonists with additional pharmacological targets. We evaluated their potential against two targets viz., inhibition of MDA-MB-231, and MCF-7 breast cancer cells viability and inhibition of...

S. microti is a new species among non-aureus staphylococci (NAS) frequently found in bovine milk samples and associated with subclinical mastitis (SCM). The aim of this study was to analyze the presence of S. microti in 200 composite milk samples...

Three-dimensional (3D) printing of soft biomaterials facilitates the progress of personalized medicine. The development for different forms of 3D-printable biomaterials can promotes the potential manufacturing for artificial organs and provides biomaterials with the required properties. In this study, gelatin methacryloyl...

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive disease that exhibits constitutive activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) driven by chronic B-cell receptor signaling or PTEN deficiency. Since pan-PI3K inhibitors cause severe side effects, we investigated the anti-lymphoma efficacy of the...

Sickle-cell disease (SCD) is caused by an A·T-to-T·A transversion mutation in the β-globin gene (HBB). Here we show that prime editing can correct the SCD allele (HBBS) to wild type (HBBA) at frequencies of 15%-41% in haematopoietic stem and progenitor...

No comparative study has yet been performed on the respiratory effects of individual E-cigarette ingredients. Here, lung toxicity of individual ingredients of E-cigarette products containing nicotine or tetrahydrocannabinol was investigated. Mice were intratracheally administered propylene glycol (PG), vegetable glycerin (VG),...

Background: Tumor resistance is a frequent cause of therapy failure and remains a major challenge for the long-term management of colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to determine the implication of the tight junctional protein claudin 1...

Complement-dependent lymphocytotoxicity cross match (CDC-XM) is the ultimate test of donor/recipient compatibility prior to organ transplantation. This test is based on cell viability, evaluated under fluorescence microscopy by an operator after proper staining. The determination of the positivity threshold may...

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) are capable of progenitor cell fraction renewal or tissue-specific differentiation. These properties are maintained during in vitro cultivation, making them an interesting model system for testing biological and pharmacological compounds. Cell cultivation in 2D is commonly...

The generation of functional β-cells from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) for cell replacement therapy and disease modeling of diabetes is being investigated by many groups. We have developed a protocol to harvest and aggregate hPSC-derived pancreatic progenitors generated using...

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been studied for their potential benefits in treating acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and have reported mild effects when trialed within human clinical trials. MSCs have been investigated in preclinical models with efficacy when administered...

Metformin has been used to treat cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and mounting studies have shown that metformin can act alone or in synergy with other anticancer agents to achieve anti-cancer efficacies on various types of tumors. However, the...

Zebrafish have the ability to fully regenerate their hearts after injury since cardiomyocytes subsequently dedifferentiate, re-enter cell cycle, and proliferate to replace damaged myocardial tissue. Recent research identified the reactivation of dormant developmental pathways during cardiac regeneration in adult zebrafish,...

Background aims: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are used to treat immune-related disorders, including graft-versus-host disease. Upon intravenous infusion, MSCs trigger the instant blood-mediated inflammatory response, resulting in activation of both complement and coagulation cascades, and are rapidly cleared from circulation....

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide and long-term survival is not guaranteed in metastatic disease despite current multidisciplinary therapies. A new compound 2,3,5,4′-Tetrahydroxystilbene (TG1), derived from THSG (2,3,5,4′-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-Glucoside), has been developed, and its anticancer ability...

Background/aim: Several chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have been used to treat melanoma but have not shown favorable results. This study investigated whether Herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM), which is overexpressed in melanoma, is a potential novel antigen for...

Due to their immunomodulatory properties and in vitro differentiation ability, human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) have been investigated in more than 1000 clinical trials over the last decade. Multiple studies that have explored the development of gene-modified hMSC-based products are...

Numerous epidemiological studies report an increased risk of developing prostate cancer in patients with melanoma and an increased risk of developing melanoma in patients with prostate cancer. Based on our previous studies demonstrating the high anticancer activity of thiosemicarbazides with...

Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) is a pattern recognition receptor mainly known for its role in innate immune response to infection. Indeed, binding of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) to TLR3 triggers a pro-inflammatory cascade leading to cytokine release and immune cell activation....

Inducing fetal hemoglobin (HbF) in red blood cells can alleviate β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease. We compared five strategies in CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, using either Cas9 nuclease or adenine base editors. The most potent modification was adenine...

In adiposity, immune cells infiltrate adipose tissues, especially macrophages, forming chronic inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of lunasin regulating immune functions of RAW264.7 macrophages in obesity-related conditions. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggered an acute inflammation, and adipocyte-conditioned medium (Ad-CM)...

Vascularization is driven by morphogen signals and mechanical cues that coordinately regulate cellular force generation, migration, and shape change to sculpt the developing vascular network. However, it remains unclear whether developing vasculature actively regulates its own mechanical properties to achieve...

The ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter molecule ABCA1 participates in the cholesterol transport within and through cell membranes. We recently demonstrated that in dog spermatozoa, capacitation could be decreased with probucol (PRO), an ABCA1 specific antagonist. In this study, a...

Fatty acid-based lipidomic analysis has been widely used to evaluate health status in human medicine as well as in the veterinary field. In equine species, there has been a developing interest in fertility and sperm quality. Fatty acids, being the...

Venetoclax, a BCL-2 inhibitor, has proven to be effective in several hematological malignancies, including mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). However, development of venetoclax resistance is inevitable and understanding its underlying molecular mechanisms can optimize treatment response. We performed a thorough genetic,...

Background: Polypropylene (PP) is used in various products such as disposable containers, spoons, and automobile parts. The disposable masks used for COVID-19 prevention mainly comprise PP, and the disposal of such masks is concerning because of the potential environmental pollution....

The inhalation of fine particulate matter (PM) is a significant health-related environmental issue. Previously, we demonstrated that repeated PM exposure causes hyperlocomotive activity in mice, as well as inflammatory and hypoxic responses in their lungs. In this study, we evaluated...

The current study determined the effect of the egg-yolk (phospholipid source) level (egg yolk [20% EY] vs. skim-milk + egg yolk [SM + 2% EY]), cryoprotectant (glycerol [Gly] vs. glycerol + methylformamide [Gly + MF]), and pre-freeze cooling rate (-0.1...

Despite a humidifier disinfectant (HD) product containing chloromethylisothiazolinone (CMIT) and methylisothiazolinone (MIT) with approximately 22% magnesium nitrate as a stabilizer, no report on the effects of magnesium nitrate on the respiratory toxicity of CMIT/MIT is available. In this study, Kathon...

It has been reported that Solanum nigrum exhibits anti-obesity effects in animal models induced by a high-fat diet. However, research on how Solanum nigrum exerts its anti-obesity effects is currently limited. Thus, the present study focused on identifying the mechanism...

The nearly exclusive use of cryopreserved semen in cattle breeding enables long shipping distances, higher storage times, quarantine to avoid germ transmission and easy dispersal of high genetic value bulls. Spermatozoa from bulls are well freezable and improvement of cryopreservation...

Chitin is a highly abundant N-acetyl-glucosamine (GlcNAc) polysaccharide which has been linked to immune responses in the context of fungal infections and allergic asthma, especially to T helper 2 (Th2) immune responses. Unfortunately, due to the frequent use of crude...

The aim of this study was to develop prediction models for total sperm motility, morphological abnormalities and sperm output based on 1,551 ejaculate records of 58 Holstein bulls. The data was collected from September 2019 to November 2020 in a...

Salivary gland dysfunction worsens the quality of life, but treatment for restoration of salivary gland function is limited. Although previous reports have demonstrated the therapeutic potentials of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in different preclinical models, the role of EVs in salivary...

Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) using frozen/thawed sperm is a common procedure to obtain embryos from fertile or subfertile mares and stallions. Stallion-associated factors that impact the efficiency of ICSI have been studied less than those associated with the mare. Three...

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can differentiate into various tissues and are an essential source of various disease models and therapeutics. Various growth factors are required in order to culture pluripotent stem cells, among...

To evaluate the effects of four extenders on the post-thaw quality and fertility of goat semen, six Yunshang Black bucks’ semen was collected, pooled, diluted with Andromed® (Andr®), Optidyl® (Opt®), P3644 Sigma l-phosphatidylcholine (l-α SL), and skim milk-based (Milk) extenders,...

Particulate matter (PM), an environmental risk factor, is linked with health risks such as respiratory diseases. This study aimed to establish an animal model of PM-induced lung injury with artificial PM (APM) and identify the potential of APM for toxicological...

Obesity is associated with high risk of mortality globally because obesity is associated with development of diseases such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, fatty liver disease, hypertension, and cancer. The present study aimed to identify the mechanism of action related to the...

Oncogenic fusion drivers are common in hematological cancers and are thus relevant targets of future CRISPR-Cas9-based treatment strategies. However, breakpoint-location variation in patients pose a challenge to traditional breakpoint-targeting CRISPR-Cas9-mediated disruption strategies. Here we present a new dual intron-targeting CRISPR-Cas9...

Mutations in the Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene have been identified as one of the most common genetic causes of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The LRRK2 PD-associated mutations LRRK2G2019S and LRRK2R1441C, located in the kinase domain and in the ROC-COR...

Not all sires have sperm suitable for chilled or frozen storage, and success in artificial insemination (AI) varies highly among individual dogs and breeds. Fertilizing potential is further complicated as sperm quality declines with the aging process. Due to the...

Spermiostasis (or sperm accumulation) is an ejaculatory dysfunction of common occurrence in referral reproductive practice with stallions. The accumulation of sperm in the epididymides, ducti deferens, and ampullae results in ejaculates with a high concentration of degenerated sperm. It is...

Introduction: The regenerative and immunomodulatory properties of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) make them an intriguing asset for therapeutic applications. An off-the-shelf approach, using pre-expanded cryopreserved allogenic MSCs, bypasses many practical difficulties of cellular therapy. Reconstitution of a MSC product...

This study aimed to assess the semen quality after the cooling and freezing of the first and second ejaculates of the season, which were collected 1 h apart. After collection (n = 40 ejaculates), the gel-free semen volume, concentration, total...

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) act as signaling mediators of cellular responses. However, despite representing a promising alternative to cell-based therapies, clinical translation of EVs is currently limited by their lack of scalability and standardized bioprocessing....

Although previous studies have examined the relationship between the sperm DNA fragmentation index and fertility in stallions, other aspects of chromatin structure or packaging and fertility have not been explored. In the present study, relationships between fertility and DNA fragmentation...

Purpose: FAP is a membrane-bound protease under investigation as a pan-cancer target, given its high levels in tumors but limited expression in normal tissues. FAP-2286 is a radiopharmaceutical in clinical development for solid tumors that consists of two functional elements:...

The rapid emergence of antibacterial resistance requires alternatives to antibiotics to be found, including for semen preservation. One of the possible alternatives would be to use plant-based substances with known antimicrobial effects. The objective of this study was to test...

Microencapsulation of human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) via electrospraying has been well documented in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Herein, we report the use of microencapsulation, via electrospraying, for MSC expansion using a commercially available hydrogel that is durable, optimized...

Pig breeding is mainly conducted through artificial insemination with liquid-stored semen. It is, therefore, crucial to ensure that sperm quality is over the standard thresholds, as reduced sperm motility, morphology or plasma membrane integrity are associated with reduced farrowing rates...

Malignant gliomas are aggressive, hard-to-treat brain tumors. Their tumor microenvironment is massively infiltrated by myeloid cells, mostly brain-resident microglia, bone marrow (BM)-derived monocytes/macrophages, and dendritic cells that support tumor progression. Single-cell omics studies significantly dissected immune cell heterogeneity, but dynamics...

The characteristics such as microtopography, physical and chemical properties influence the behavior of an implant in a soft tissue. Anodization-as a potent method of titanium alloy surface modification-of the transgingival abutment or healing screw, has achieved some improvement. One of...

In order to treat degenerative diseases, the importance of advanced therapy medicinal products has increased in recent years. The newly developed treatment strategies require a rethinking of the appropriate analytical methods. Current standards are missing the complete and sterile analysis...

V160 is a viral vaccine candidate against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) that is manufactured using Adult Retinal Pigment Epithelial cells (ARPE-19) grown on Cytodex-1 microcarriers. The microcarriers are generally hydrated, washed, and autoclaved prior to use, which can be limiting at...

Background: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), commonly sourced from adipose tissue, bone marrow and umbilical cord, have been widely used in many medical conditions due to their therapeutic potential. Yet, the still limited understanding of the underlying mechanisms of action hampers...

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) have demonstrated massive potentials for use in regenerative and personalized medicine due to their ability to expand in culture and differentiate into specialized cells with therapeutic benefits. However, in order to industrialize iPSC-derived therapies,...

Introduction: Pulmonary-resident memory T cells (TRM) and B cells (BRM) orchestrate protective immunity to reinfection with respiratory pathogens. Developing methods for the in situ detection of these populations would benefit both research and clinical settings. Methods: To address this need,...

Cell proliferation is fundamental for almost all stages of development and differentiation that require an increase in cell number. Although cell cycle phase has been associated with differentiation, the actual process of proliferation has not been considered as having a...

Background: In vitro studies using nucleus pulposus (NP) cells are commonly used to investigate disc cell biology and pathogenesis, or to aid in the development of new therapies. However, lab-to-lab variability jeopardizes the much-needed progress in the field. Here, an...

Keratinocytes prevent skin photoaging by ensuring the defence against oxidative stress, an excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). They are localized within the epidermis where the oxygen level (1-3% O2), named physioxia, is low compared to other organs. Oxygen...

Methionine sulfoxide reductases are enzymes that reduce methionine oxidation in the cell. In mammals there are three B-type reductases that act on the R-diastereomer of methionine sulfoxide, and one A-type reductase (MSRA) that acts on the S-diastereomer. Unexpectedly, knocking out...

Introduction: This study investigated the storage conditions under which cell aggregation occurs and the conditions that inhibit cell aggregation when human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) are stored in lactated Ringer’s solution (LR) supplemented with 3% trehalose and 5%...

The pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of a drug is an essential factor in determining its efficacy, yet it is often neglected during in vitro cell culture experiments. Here, we present a system in which standard well plate cultures may be “plugged...

The large-scale production of clinical-grade lentiviral vectors (LVs) for gene therapy applications is a remaining challenge. The use of adherent cell lines and methods like transient transfection are cost-intensive and hamper process scalability as well as reproducibility. This study describes...

Animal models of influenza are important in preclinical research for the study of influenza infection and the assessment of vaccines, drugs and therapeutics. Here, we show that Golden Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) inoculated via the intranasal route with high dose...

HEK293 is a widely used cell line in the fields of research and industry. It is assumed that these cells are sensitive to hydrodynamic stress. The aim of this research was to use particle image velocimetry validated computational fluid dynamics...

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD), a chronic inflammatory disorder, is often accompanied by allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC) as a co-morbidity. The use of a monoclonal anti-IL-4Rα antibody has been effective in controlling moderate to severe AD symptoms. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is widely...

Invasive lobular breast cancer (ILC) is the second most common histological breast cancer subtype, but ILC-specific trials are lacking. Translational research revealed an immune-related ILC subset, and in mouse ILC models, synergy between immune checkpoint blockade and platinum was observed....

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a clinical syndrome characterized by a diffuse lung inflammation that commonly evolves into acute respiratory distress syndrome and respiratory failure. The lung microbiota is involved in the pathogenesis of ALI. Corisin, a proapoptotic peptide derived...

Implants made of magnesium (Mg) are increasingly employed in patients to achieve osteosynthesis while degrading in situ. Since Mg implants and Mg2+ have been suggested to possess anti-inflammatory properties, the clinically observed soft tissue inflammation around Mg implants is enigmatic....

Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSC) are promising candidates for wound healing. However, the low amplification efficiency of MSC in vitro and their low survival rates after transplantation have limited their medical application. In this study, we fabricated a micronized...

Background: With the ongoing increase in antimicrobial resistances seen in bacterial isolates causing a keratitis in humans, animal models have become an important tool to study new antimicrobial therapies. Nevertheless, the establishment of experimental keratitis is difficult. Here, we discuss...

We present a method of producing bulk cell-cultured fat tissue for food applications. Mass transport limitations (nutrients, oxygen, waste diffusion) of macroscale 3D tissue culture are circumvented by initially culturing murine or porcine adipocytes in 2D, after which bulk fat...

The only licensed tuberculosis (TB) vaccine, Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG), fails to reliably protect adolescents and adults from pulmonary TB, resulting in ~1.6 million deaths annually. Protein subunit vaccines have shown promise against TB in clinical studies. Unfortunately, most subunit...

Pioneer transcription factors are thought to play pivotal roles in developmental processes by binding nucleosomal DNA to activate gene expression, though mechanisms through which pioneer transcription factors remodel chromatin remain unclear. Here, using single-cell transcriptomics, we show that endogenous expression...

Competition among adult brain cells has not been extensively researched. To investigate whether healthy glia can outcompete diseased human glia in the adult forebrain, we engrafted wild-type (WT) human glial progenitor cells (hGPCs) produced from human embryonic stem cells into...

Background Lineage-tracing experiments have established that the central region of the mature intervertebral disc, the nucleus pulposus (NP), develops from the embryonic structure called “the notochord”. However, changes in the cells derived from the notochord which form the NP (i.e.,...

Background: Asthma is a common lung disease with increasing incidence and prevalence globally, thereby imposing a substantial global health and economic burden. Recently, studies have shown that Mitsugumin 53 (MG53) exhibits multiple biological functions and plays a protective role in...

Purpose Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived lung cell types such as alveolar epithelial cells are promising for toxicological and pharmaceutical in vitro screenings. Reproducible differentiation processes are highly demanded, but protocols which are suitable for the high-throughput generation of...

A promising approach enhancing osteosarcoma (OS) prognosis involves the combination of various techniques, such as chemo- and photodynamic therapy, delivered through nanocarriers for synergistic cell death. Among the potential candidates for improving drug accumulation at the tumor site, mesenchymal stromal...

Cardiovascular toxicity is an important cause of drug failures in the later stages of drug development, early clinical safety assessment and even post-market withdrawals. Early-stage in vitro assessment of potential cardiovascular liabilities in the pharmaceutical industry involves assessment of interactions...

Humanized mouse models, created via transplantation of human hematopoietic tissues into immune-deficient mice, support a number of research applications, including transplantation immunology, virology and oncology studies. As an alternative to the bone marrow, liver, thymus humanized mouse, which uses fetal...

The increasing concern about climate change has led scientists around the world to develop clean energy technologies that may replace the traditional use of fossil fuels. A promising approach is the utilization of unicellular organisms as electron donors in bio-fuel...

Low back pain is the leading cause of disability worldwide, but current therapeutic interventions are palliative or surgical in nature. Loss of notochordal cells (NCs) and degradation of the healthy matrix in the nucleus pulposus (NP), the central tissue of...

Analysis of sperm morphology is an important part of the stallion breeding soundness evaluation since it provides an objective measure of a stallion’s sperm quality and is one of many factors that estimate a stallion’s fertility potential. To describe the...

In the face of antimicrobial resistance, antibiotic-free, low-temperature storage of boar semen has been well-researched in recent years and promising results have been obtained. With the prospect of establishing this new preservation method in practice, it is important to evaluate...

It is important to note that seasonality could affect ram reproductive parameters, and therefore, fertility results after artificial insemination. In this work, 1) we assessed fertility rates after cervical artificial insemination of 11,805 ewes at the beginning (June 21st to...

Limited knowledge exists about the residing microbiome in gamete-related samples in fish. A potential effect between the seminal microbiome composition and sperm quality traits has been previously suggested in humans and livestock. Using a metabarcoding approach, we aimed to gain...

There is increasing interest in the use of sex-sorted semen especially in certain breeds. After artificial insemination (AI) with fresh sex-sorted semen, pregnancy rates between 10% and 60% have been reported (Buchanan. et. al. Theriogenology. 2000; 53:1309-1321; Lindsey. et. al....

Background: Equine spermatozoa appear to differ from spermatozoa of other species in using oxidative phosphorylation preferentially over glycolysis. However, there is little information regarding effects of different energy sources on measured parameters in equine spermatozoa. Objective: To determine the effect...

Spermatozoa retain fertilizing potential after sorting, but separation into X and Y populations has deleterious effects on the cell (Samper JC et al. Clinical Theriogenology 2022). The effect of sex-sorting (SS) on stallion sperm was evaluated in single ejaculates from...

This study aimed to investigate the effects of storing horse semen either in a dry shipper (≤ -150 °C) or on dry ice (≤ -78 °C) for up to 14 days. A total of 264 frozen semen straws from male...

Direct-transfer slow-cooling cryopreservation is a widely used method for bovine embryo cryopreservation. However, the transfer of cryopreserved embryos is associated with reduced pregnancy rates. Rho-associated coiled-coil containing kinase inhibitor (ROCKi) has shown promise in improving the viability of post-warmed vitrified...

With the goal of introducing specialty beers with full flavor and effective processing, craft and functional beer have revived old assortments and established new assortments in countries throughout the world. These unique selections are produced utilizing various ingredient combinations or...

Subcutaneous implants of device-encapsulated stem cell-derived pancreatic endoderm (PE) can establish a functional beta cell mass (FBM) with metabolic control in immune-compromised mice. In a study with human-induced pluripotent stem cell-PE, this outcome was favored by a preformed pouch which...

One of the earliest biotechnological processes is brewing, which uses conventional raw materials like barley malt and, to a lesser extent, wheat malt. Today, adjuncts are used in the brewing of 85–90% of the world’s beer, with significant regional differences....

The study aimed to investigate the mastitis’ emerging causative agents and their antimicrobial sensitivity, in addition to the hematological, biochemical indicators, oxidative biomarkers, acute phase protein (APP), and inflammatory cytokine changes in dairy farms in Gamasa, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. One...

Uncultured, unmodified, autologous, adipose-derived regenerative cells (UA-ADRCs) are a safe and effective treatment option for various musculoskeletal pathologies. However, it is unknown whether the composition of the final cell suspension systematically varies with the subject’s individual age, sex, body mass...

Vaccination is commonly used to protect dogs against leptospirosis, however, memory immune responses induced by canine Leptospira vaccines have not been studied. In the present study, antibody and T cell mediated responses were assessed in dogs before and 2 weeks...

Quantitation of intracellular tri-phosphate anabolite, GSK1-TP, was required to understand drug efficacy of a proprietary molecule, GSK1; while quantitation of the di-phosphate, GSK1-DP, provided an indicator of potential GSK1-TP instability during sample processing and storage. A novel derivatization approach with...

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has heralded a new era in cancer therapy. Research into the mechanisms underlying response to ICB has predominantly focused on T cells; however, effective immune responses require tightly regulated crosstalk between innate and adaptive immune cells....

Background: Malfunction of astrocytes is implicated as one of the pathological factors of ALS. Thus, intrathecal injection of healthy astrocytes in ALS can potentially compensate for the diseased astrocytes. AstroRx® is an allogeneic cell-based product, composed of healthy and functional...

Here we explored the role of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) repressor cytokine, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1rn), in both healthy and abnormal hematopoiesis. Low IL-1RN is frequent in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients and represents a prognostic marker of reduced survival. Treatments with...

Although an intramuscular injection of angiogenic cells to ischemic limbs with peripheral artery disease is a therapeutic option to rescue patients by augmenting neovascularization in the limbs, oxidative stress in the limbs may accelerate apoptosis of the injected cells and...

Whereas cardiomyocytes (CMs) in the fetal heart divide, postnatal CMs fail to undergo karyokinesis and/or cytokinesis and therefore become polyploid or binucleated, a key process in terminal CM differentiation. This switch from a diploid proliferative CM to a terminally differentiated...

Cell-free and cell-loaded constructs are used to bridge the critical-sized bone defect. Oxidative stress at the site of the bone defects is a major interference that slows bone healing. Recently, there has been an increase in interest in enhancing the...

Tissue engineering has emerged as the best alternative to replacing damaged tissue/organs. However, the cost of scaffold materials continues to be a significant obstacle; thus, developing inexpensive scaffolds is strongly encouraged. In this study, cellulose microfibers (C), gelatin (G), egg...

Background: Lower respiratory infections caused by ssRNA viruses are a major health burden globally. Translational mouse models are a valuable tool for medical research, including research on respiratory viral infections. In in vivo mouse models, synthetic dsRNA can be used...

Streptococcus agalactiae, also known as Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a frequent cause of infections, including bacteraemia and other acute diseases in adults and immunocompromised individuals. We developed a novel system to study GBS within human monocytes to define the...

Protozoa, in both humans and animals, are one of the leading causes of disease. International programmes introduced in many countries have helped reduce the incidence of disease. However, it has recently become increasingly difficult to achieve the goals set for...

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have emerged as the most promising cellular source for cell therapies. To overcome the scale-up limitations of classical 2D culture systems, suspension cultures have been developed to meet the need for large-scale culture in regenerative...

Background: Large extracellular vesicles (L-EV) with a diameter between 1 and 10 µm are released by various cell types. L-EV contain and transport active molecules which are crucially involved in cell to cell communication. We have shown that secretory products...

Background: Cytokine-producing B cells play a well-established role in modifying immune responses in chronic inflammatory diseases. We characterized B-cell cytokine responses against periodontitis-associated bacteria in patients with periodontitis. Methods: Blood and saliva samples were collected from patients with periodontitis grade...

Macroporous hydrogels have great potential for biomedical applications. Liquid or gel-like pores were created in a photopolymerizable hydrogel by forming water-in-water emulsions upon mixing aqueous solutions of gelatin and a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based triblock copolymer. The copolymer constituted the continuous...

The outbreak of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread through the globe at an alarming speed. The disease has become a global pandemic affecting millions of people and...

Environmental chemicals are a persistent and pervasive part of everyday life. A subset of environmental chemicals are xenoestrogens, compounds that bind to the estrogen receptor (ER) and drive estrogen-related processes. One such chemical, benzophenone-3 (BP3), is a common chemical in...

Microencapsulation of human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) via electrospraying has been well documented in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Herein, we report the use of microencapsulation, via electrospraying, for MSC expansion using a commercially available hydrogel that is durable, optimized...

Coordinated changes of cellular plasticity and identity are critical for pluripotent reprogramming and oncogenic transformation. However, the sequences of events that orchestrate these intermingled modifications have never been comparatively dissected. Here, we deconvolute the cellular trajectories of reprogramming (via Oct4/Sox2/Klf4/c-Myc)...

Background: Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) activates the expression of genes involved in cellular proliferation, DNA replication, and repair, whereas Mcl-1 is a member of the Bcl-2 family of proteins that promotes cell survival by preventing apoptosis. The objective of the...

Although antisense transcription is a widespread event in the mammalian genome, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) formation between sense and antisense transcripts is very rare and mechanisms that control dsRNA remain unknown. By characterizing the FGF-2 regulated transcriptome in normal and cancer...

Data on the cumulative effects of chemical substances are necessary for the proper risk assessment, but their availability is still insufficient. The aim of the study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of methyl paraben (MePB) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP)...

Acting as the largest energy reservoir in the body, adipose tissue is involved in longevity and progression of age-related metabolic dysfunction. Here, cellular senescence plays a central role in the generation of a pro-inflammatory environment and in the evolution of...

Chalcones have a skeleton of diphenyls connected via an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl group. Many chalcone derivatives have been shown to interact with tubulin. Based on previous reports, chalcones derived by substitution of a carbonyl group with 2-pyrazoline can be expected to...

In this study, three new organic ligands N′-(benzylidene)-6-chloropyrazine-2-carbohydrazonamide (L1), 6-chloro-N′-(4-nitrobenzylidene)picolinohydrazonamide(L2), and N′-(benzylidene)-4-chloropicolinohydrazonamide (L3) and three copper coordination compounds (Cu(L1)Cl2, Cu(L2)Cl2 and Cu(L3)Cl2) based on them were synthesized. All obtained compounds were characterized using appropriate analytical techniques: elemental analysis (EA), thermogravimetric...

Prenatal alcohol exposure is the foremost preventable etiology of intellectual disability and leads to a collection of diagnoses known as Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD). Alcohol (EtOH) impacts diverse neural cell types and activity, but the precise functional pathophysiological effects...

Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) driven gene directed enzyme prodrug therapy is a promising approach to deliver therapeutic agents to target heterogenous solid tumours. To democratize such a therapy, cryopreservation along with cold chain transportation is an essential part of...

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs)-based therapies show a great potential to manage inflammation and tissue degeneration in osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Clinical trials showed the ability to manage pain and activation of immune cells and allowed restoration of damaged cartilage....

Pentacyclic triterpenes, including betulin, are widespread natural products with various pharmacological effects. These compounds are the starting material for the synthesis of substances with promising anticancer activity. The chemical modification of the betulin scaffold that was carried out as part...

Introduction: Ionizing radiation is one of the most widely used therapeutic methods in the treatment of prostate cancer, but the problem is developing radioresistance of the tumour. There is evidence that metabolic reprogramming in cancer is one of the major...

As part of the search for new medicinal substances with potential application in oncology, the synthesis of new compounds combining the betulin molecule and the indole system was carried out. The structure of the ester derivatives obtained in the Steglich...

Attempts to reduce the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reservoir and induce antiretroviral therapy (ART)-free virologic control have largely been unsuccessful. In this phase 1b/2a, open-label, randomized controlled trial using a four-group factorial design, we investigated whether early intervention...

Kruppel-like factors (KLFs) are a set of transcription factors (TFs) involved in the regulation of many basic biological processes, and recent studies suggested that nanoparticles (NPs) were capable to change KLFs in different models even at non-cytotoxic concentrations. In this...

Background: Graft-contaminating tumor cells correlate with inferior outcome in high-risk neuroblastoma patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and can contribute to relapse. Motivated by the potential therapeutic benefit of tumor cell removal as well as the high prognostic and diagnostic...

Technological innovations and quality control processes within blood supply organizations have significantly improved blood safety for both donors and recipients. Nevertheless, the risk of transfusion-transmitted infection remains non-negligible. Applying a nanoparticular, antibacterial coating at the surface of medical devices is...

The ever-increasing demand for biopharmaceuticals has created the need for improving the overall productivity of culture processes. One such operational concept that is considered is fed-batch operations as opposed to batch operations. However, optimal fed-batch operations require complete knowledge of...

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the most serious side effect of treatment with cisplatin in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of exosomes derived from stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs) on...

Following the humidifier disinfectant incident in Korea, polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG-P) has been used to establish lung fibrosis model animals. Herein, we investigated time-dependent changes after a single PHMG-P instillation (22 μg/lung) to identify the underlying pathogenesis and immune response...

(1) Background: Progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) leads to irreversible lung damage and inflammatory responses; however, biomarker discovery for monitoring of COPD progression remains challenging. (2) Methods: This study evaluated the metabolic mechanisms and potential biomarkers of COPD...

The present aimed to characterize the toxicity of silica nanoparticles in Sprague Dawley rats and determine the dose levels for a repeated-dose toxicity study. Silica nanoparticles (SiO2, 20 nm and 50 nm) were administered as a single intratracheal instillation of...

Objective: We investigated blood samples from fully SARS-CoV2-vaccinated subjects and from previously positive tested patients up to one year after infection with SARS-CoV2, and compared short- and long-term T cell and antibody responses, with a special focus on the recently...

This experiment was conducted to assess the effect of different antibiotics in tris-fructose egg yolk-based diluent on bacterial load and sperm quality of dromedary camels during processing and cold storage. Ten semen ejaculates were collected from five male dromedary camels....

Polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG-P), a cationic biocide, is widely used in household products due to its strong bactericidal activity and low toxicity. However, it causes fatal lung damage when inhaled. In this study, we investigated why PHMG-P causes fatal lung...

This study emphasis improved semen cryopreservation protocol for commercial scale fertilization in European perch. The optimized procedure involves a new extender (GM 25 K) containing 0.30 M glucose, 7.5% methanol and 25 mM KCl at 3.0 × 109/mL spermatozoa. The...

Currently, urbanization is associated with an increase in air pollutants that contribute to invasive pathogen infections by altering the host’s innate immunity and antimicrobial resistance capability. Streptococcus pyogenes, also known as Group A Streptococcus (GAS), is a gram-positive opportunistic pathogen...

The growing and widespread use of glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) has raised an intense public debate about the impact of environmental contamination on animal and human health, including male fertility. The aim of this study was to deepen the impact of...

Sodium dichloroisocyanurate-96% (NaDCC) is commonly used to treat drinking water, industrial water, and wastewater. However, exposure to NaDCC by inhalation can have toxic pulmonary effects in humans. In the present study, we evaluated the potential toxicity of NaDCC following a...

This study determined the antibiotic resistance of the dominant bacteria in the 85 farm BTMs according to the guidelines recommended by the epidemiological cutoff values in the EUCAST. In addition, some physicochemical and microbiological properties of farm BTMs were investigated....

Although several protocols for cryopreserving buck semen are described in the literature, they differ widely in factors such as season and method of semen collection, extender and sperm concentration. Therefore, choosing a protocol that is suitable for a particular on-farm...

Equine sarcoids are common, locally aggressive skin tumors induced by bovine papillomavirus types 1, 2, and possibly 13 (BPV1, BPV2, BPV13). Current in vitro models do not mimic de novo infection. We established primary fibroblasts from horse skin and succeeded...

Toward commercialization: Improvement of a semen cryopreservation protocol for European perch enables its implementation for commercial-scale fertilization

A potential source of fertility loss in mares is oviductal dysfunction, potentially caused by masses or debris in the lumen, that may prevent either sperm from reaching the fertilization site or the embryo from reaching the uterus. Recently a novel...

The iSperm® is a portable device for semen analysis. This study aimed to investigate its correlation with a conventional computer-assisted sperm analyzer (ISAS®v1) for the assessment of semen concentration and kinematic parameters in dogs (n = 224). The intra-assay variability...

Dominant negative mutations in the STAT3 gene account for autosomal dominant hyper-IgE syndrome (AD-HIES). Patients typically present high IgE serum levels, recurrent infections, and soft tissue abnormalities. While current therapies focus on alleviating the symptoms, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT)...

Using two-dimensional electrophoresis along with mass spectroscopy, we have investigated how the cryopreservation process affected the protein profile of goat ejaculated sperm. In this study, five bucks were used for semen collection. After removal of seminal plasma, the Tris-based extender...

Pulmonary effects of inhaled microfibers are an emerging public health concern. In this study, we investigated toxicity following pulmonary exposure to synthetic polyethylene oxide fibroin (PEONF) and silk fibroin (SFNF) nanofibers and the cellular responses. When instilled intratracheally weekly for...

This study evaluated how semen selection by single layer centrifugation (SLC) with Canicoll affects semen freezability in dogs. A total of eighteen ejaculates, collected from dogs with optimal and suboptimal semen quality (optimal: normal morphology (NM) ≥ 80%, n =...

Equine spermatozoa highly rely on oxidative phosphorylation for their energy management. The present work aimed to characterize the role of mitochondria on horse sperm motility and ROS production by incubating spermatozoa with specific inhibitors of the different mitochondrial complexes. Equine...

This study evaluated the effect of different proportions of dead spermatozoa on the quality of liquid boar semen during a thermo-resistance test (TRT). After 3 days of storage (17°C), 54 conventional artificial insemination semen doses (~23 × 106 sperm/ml in ~88 ml of BTS)...

Exact analysis of sperm concentration in raw and diluted semen is of major importance in swine artificial insemination, as sperm concentration is one of the most important characteristics of an ejaculate determining the value of the ejaculate and the productive...

In this study, the complete proteome of goat ejaculated semen including spermatozoa and seminal plasma was established, applying a tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling together with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In seminal plasma, 2299 proteins were identified and 2098...

The optimization and implementation of artificial insemination (AI) in sheep is necessary to increase the livestock productivity through enhanced control of reproductive function. Sperm centrifugation is a common procedure in the ejaculate handling in AI and other assisted reproductive technologies...

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is the only method for in vitro embryo production (IVP) in horses. Besides oocyte developmental competence, the outcome of IVP is also highly dependent on sperm quality. Therefore, it is not only essential to employ superior...

There is considerable interest in breeding programs to “rescue” semen with poor post-thaw fertility from bulls known as “bad freezers”. We hypothesized that there may be an interaction between the post-thaw recovery of sperm and the efficacy of antioxidant addition...

Low levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential for normal sperm function and are produced by sperm mitochondria as a byproduct of metabolism, but in excess, ROS can cause catastrophic cellular damage and has been correlated with infertility,...

During insemination, bacterial contamination of the ejaculate can lead to reduced sperm quality and transmission of pathogens to the female, thus should be avoided. The semen of a variety of animal taxa possess antimicrobial properties against a wide range of...

Background: Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) activates the expression of genes involved in cellular proliferation, DNA replication, and repair, whereas Mcl-1 is a member of the Bcl-2 family of proteins that promotes cell survival by preventing apoptosis. The objective of the...

For a more practically applicable analysis of different sperm characteristics, this study aimed to develop a 5-color flow cytometry (FC) panel to concurrently analyze four sperm parameters in liquid boar and stallion semen, using also a DNA-marker for selecting sperm...

Cooled storage of semen after thawing can expand the use of frozen semen, providing the possibility of thawing and evaluating the semen at the storage site and subsequently shipping the semen. Our objectives were (1) to examine the motility and...

In stallions temporarily not intended for breeding, reversible suppression of testicular function by vaccination against GnRH can be of interest. In the present study, effects of GnRH agonist treatment on the resumption of testicular function after GnRH vaccination were investigated....

The use of microfluidic technology is increasing in artificial reproduction technologies: With a small amount of semen, it allows for the selection of sperm with the best characteristics of kinetics, morphology and chromatin integrity. The ZyMot Multi (850 μl) is...

This study evaluated the effect of gossypol acetate, a potential antifertility compound, on semen quality and testicular histopathology of boars. Six boars were allotted into two experimental groups. Half of the animals were fed a diet that was supplemented with...

Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has been suggested to be involved in spermatogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between blood serum AMH concentration and semen quality in dogs. Moreover, this study sought to find the optimal cut-off...

The maintenance of stallion fertility when using frozen semen is one of the main issues in equine reproductive technology. The aim of the present study was to compare the characteristics of frozen semen from good and poor fertility stallions and...

An appealing strategy to overcome cryodamage of frozen spermatozoa is supplementation of biologically active substances exhibiting membrane-stabilizing, motility-promoting, and antioxidant effects. Out of these, kaempferol (KAE), a flavonol molecule has shown promise in prevention of alterations to mitochondrial metabolism and...

Postthaw stallion sperm integrity was determined after freezing semen in an extender supplemented with several sucrose concentrations, bovine serum albumin (BSA), and with and without dimethylformamide (DMF). Two ejaculates from 6 stallions (n =12) were diluted and aliquots (n =...

Cultured meat is an emergent technology with the potential for significant environmental and animal welfare benefits. Accurate mimicry of traditional meat requires fat tissue; a key contributor to both the flavour and texture of meat. Here, we show that fibro-adipogenic...

Background and aims: Autologous keratinocyte sheets constitute an important component of the burn wound treatment toolbox available to a surgeon and can be considered a life-saving procedure for patients with severe burns over 50% of their total body surface area....

Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) are highly redox active nanoparticles. They can cause acute and chronic inflammation in rat lungs. Unlike the gut microbiome, the association between the lung microbiome’s role and pulmonary inflammatory response to inhaled nanoparticles remains largely...

Three-dimensional (3D)-bioprinted lipoaspirate-derived adipose tissue (LAT) is a potential alternative to lipo-injection for correcting soft-tissue defects. This study investigated the long-term in vivo survival of 3D-bioprinted LAT and its proteomic signature and cellular composition. We performed proteomic and multicolour flow...

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy has led to a paradigm change in cancer treatment. To allow widespread use of this therapy, it is important to reduce the costs associated with cells manufacturing whilst ensuring a high-quality production. Online...

Cell therapy using multipotential stromal cells (MSCs) is being used in a variety of clinical settings to induce tissue regeneration. Promising results have also been achieved in the therapy of osteoarthritis. MSCs have been demonstrated to be safe (Borakati et...

Erectile dysfunction is a common complication associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and after prostatectomy in relation to cancer. The regenerative effect of cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) for ED therapy has been documented in multiple preclinical trials as...

The promise of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) lies in their ability to serve as a starting material for autologous, or patient-specific, stem cell-based therapies. Since the first publications describing the generation of iPSCs from human tissue in 2007,...

Background A reliable rapid method for measuring total nucleated cell (TNC) viability is essential for cell-based products manufacturing. The trypan blue (TB) exclusion method, commonly used to measure TNC viability of hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) products, is a subjective assay,...

Chimeric antigen receptor-engineered T (CAR-T) cells have shown promising efficacy in patients with relapsed/refractory B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (R/R B-ALL). However, challenges remain including long manufacturing processes that need to be overcome. We presented the CD19-targeting CAR-T cell product...

The dominant method for generating Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines that produce high titers of biotherapeutic proteins utilizes selectable markers such as dihydrofolate reductase (Dhfr) or glutamine synthetase (Gs), alongside inhibitory compounds like methotrexate (MTX) or methionine sulfoximine (MSX),...

Background Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) foster the progression of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and chronic pancreatitis (CP) by producing a dense fibrotic stroma. However, the incomplete knowledge of PSCs biology hampers the exploration of antifibrotic therapies. Here, we explored the role of...

Background The main challenge with fat grafting is that a varying part of the graft is lost to post-surgery resorption. Previous studies suggest that adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) can improve the volume retention of fat grafts but there is a...

In light of the frequent development of therapeutic resistance in cancer treatment, there is a strong need for personalized model systems representing patient tumor heterogeneity, while enabling parallel drug testing and identification of appropriate treatment responses in individual patients. Using...

Introduction: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have opened a new window to treat inflammatory and non-inflammatory diseases. Nonetheless, their clinical applications require rigorous control and monitoring procedures to ensure full compliance with the principles of good manufacturing practice (GMP). Various evaluations...

Introduction: The current treatment paradigm of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) focuses on observing patients until their disease reaches certain thresholds for intervention, with no preceding treatment available. There is an opportunity to develop novel therapies to prevent further aneurysmal growth...

Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology enabled the production of pluripotent stem cell lines from somatic cells from a range of known genetic backgrounds. Their ability to differentiate and generate a wide variety of cell types has resulted in their...

Background: The generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) has opened a world of opportunities for stem cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine. Currently, several human kidney organoid protocols are available that generate organoids containing kidney structures. However, these kidney...

In many solid cancers, tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) represent the predominant myeloid cell population. Antigen (Ag) cross-presentation leading to tumor Ag-directed cytotoxic CD8+ T cell responses is crucial for antitumor immunity. However, the role of recruited monocyte-derived macrophages, including TAM, as...

Despite the numerous advantages of PDMS-based substrates in various biomedical applications, they are limited by their highly hydrophobic surface that does not optimally interact with cells for attachment and growth. Hence, the lack of lengthy and straightforward procedures for high-density...

SLC2A1 mediates glucose cellular uptake; key to appropriate immune function. Our previous work has shown efavirenz and lopinavir exposure inhibits T cell and macrophage responses, to known agonists, likely via interactions with glucose transporters. Using human cell lines as a...

Introduction: In recent years, both stromal vascular fraction (SVF) from adipose tissue and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from adipose tissues were extensively used in both preclinical and clinical treatment for various diseases. Some studies reported differences in treatment efficacy between...

Pharmaceutical development of biosimilars is primarily focused on meeting the regulatory requirements for analytical comparability of the product’s critical quality attributes (CQAs), concerning safety and efficacy, to those of the originator drug of interest. To this end, the early adoption...

The recent development of immunotherapy represents a significant breakthrough in cancer therapy. Several immunotherapies provide robust efficacy gains in a wide variety of cancers. However, in some patients the immune checkpoint blockade remains ineffective due to poor therapeutic response and...

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is an incurable disease of unknown etiology. Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is associated with high mortality. Excessive apoptosis of lung epithelial cells occurs in pulmonary fibrosis acute exacerbation. We recently identified corisin, a proapoptotic peptide...

We designed and biofabricated a channeled construct as a possible cell-delivery device that can be endothelialized to overcome size limitations due to oxygen diffusion. The channeled device mimicking a leaf was designed using computer-aided design software, with fluid flow through...

Background: Immune cell dysfunction plays a central role in sepsis-associated immune paralysis. The transfusion of healthy donor immune cells, i.e., granulocyte concentrates (GC) potentially induces tissue damage via local effects of neutrophils. Initial clinical trials using standard donor GC in...

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has demonstrated good efficacy in many cancer types. In cancers such as non-resectable advanced or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), it has recently been approved as a promising treatment. However, clinical data shows overall response...

Background: Atopic march (AM), a unique characteristic of allergic diseases, refers to the sequential progression of atopic dermatitis (AD) in infants to allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis in children and young adults, respectively. Although there are several studies on AM,...

Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) are the sub-wavelength periodic nanostructures generated by the femtosecond laser. Implant topography and its nanostructural changes can be important for biomedical applications. In order to compare the surface topography of different implants, appropriate mathematical and...

The junction between the double-stranded and single-stranded telomeric DNA (ds-ss junction) is fundamental in the maintenance of the telomeric chromatin, as it directs the assembly of the telomere binding proteins. In budding yeast, multiple Rap1 proteins bind the telomeric dsDNA,...

Hepatocyte-like cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC-HLCs) offer an alternative to primary hepatocytes commonly used for drug screenings and toxicological tests. However, these cells do not have hepatic functions comparable to those of hepatocytes in vivo due to...

Patients fulfilling criteria for euthanasia can choose to donate their organs after circulatory death [donors after euthanasia (DCD V)]. This study assesses the outcome of islet cell isolation from DCD V pancreases. A procedure for DCD V procurement provided 13...

Pluripotent stem-cell derived cells can be used for type I diabetes treatment, but we require at least 105-106 islet-like clusters per patient. Although thousands of uniform cell clusters can be produced using a conventional microwell plate, numerous obstacles need to...

Two studies were performed to assess the efficacy of the treated yeast, Milmed, for the alleviation of physiologic health problems, mainly ‘common-cold’ and inflammation symptoms, performance improvements among racehorses in training. In Study I (n=8), Time to reduce pulse to...

Activation of interferon genes constitutes an important anticancer pathway able to restrict proliferation of cancer cells. Here, we demonstrate that the H3K9me3 histone methyltransferase (HMT) suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 1 (SUV39H1) is required for the proliferation of acute myeloid...

Excessive mechanical stress causes fibrosis-related atrial arrhythmia. Herein, we tried to investigate the mechanism of atrial fibrogenesis in response to mechanical stress by ex vivo approach. We collected atrial tissues from mice and then cultured them as “explants” under atmospheric...

Background aims: Cell therapies have emerged as a potentially transformative therapeutic modality in many chronic and incurable diseases. However, inherent donor and patient variabilities, complex manufacturing processes, lack of well-defined critical quality attributes and unavailability of in-line or at-line process...

Whereas adoptive T cell therapy has been extensively studied for cancer treatment, the response is still limited primarily due to immune dysfunction related to poor cell engraftment, tumor infiltration and engagement, and lack of a target. In addition, the modification...

Mutations in the alveolar epithelial-specific gene encoding for surfactant protein C (SP-C) are linked to pulmonary disease. Ozone (O3) is a ubiquitous pollutant known to exacerbate stress through oxidative injury and inflammation. To comprehend the structural, functional, and immunological impact...

Background: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) injection has been proposed as an innovative treatment for knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Since, allogeneic MSCs can be available as off-the-shelf products, they are preferable in regenerative medicine. Among different sources for MSCs, adipose-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs)...

Cultured meat has potential to diversify methods for protein production, but innovations in production efficiency will be required to make cultured meat a feasible protein alternative. Microcarriers provide a strategy to culture sufficient volumes of adherent cells in a bioreactor...

The aim of this study is to characterize cell type-specific transcriptional signatures in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) to improve our understanding of the disease. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing on liver biopsies from 10 patients with NASH. We applied weighted gene...

Human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) are mechanically sensitive undergoing phenotypic alterations when subjected to shear stress, cell aggregation, and substrate changes encountered in 3D dynamic bioreactor cultures. However, little is known about how bioreactor microenvironment affects the secretion and cargo...

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare neuroendocrine cutaneous cancer, with incidence of less than 1/100,000, low survival rates and variable response to chemotherapy or immunotherapy. Herein we explore the application of patient tumor organoids (PTOs) in modeling personalized research...

Carbon black nanoparticles (CBNPs) have a large surface area/volume ratio and are known to generate oxidative stress and inflammation that may result in genotoxicity and cancer. Here, we evaluated the primary and inflammatory response-driven (i.e. secondary) genotoxicity of two CBNPs,...

SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) is a major target for the development of diagnostics, vaccines and therapeutics directed against COVID-19. Important efforts have been dedicated to the rapid and efficient production of recombinant RBD proteins for clinical and diagnostic applications. One...

Cell-cultured fat could provide important elements of flavor, nutrition, and texture to enhance the quality and therefore expand consumer adoption of alternative meat products. In contrast to cells from livestock animals, insect cells have been proposed as a relatively low-cost...

The number of bone damage/fractures has been increasing significantly over the world due to traumatic and accidental injuries. The process of bone regeneration is slowed by oxidative stress at the site of the bone defects. An increase in reactive oxygen...

Most viral vectors, including the potently immunogenic lentiviral vectors (LVs), only poorly direct antigens to the MHC-II endosomal pathway and elicit CD4+ T cells. We developed a new generation of LVs encoding antigen-bearing monomers of collectins substituted at their C-terminal...